PEKALINE: Acts at 2 major and complementary stages in the spot formation process: it prevents the production of the tyrosinase enzyme and blocks the remaining enzymes (acidification of the melanosome).
Vitamin C: Inhibits an enzyme essential to the formation of the melanin molecule, tyrosinase. Vitamin C's antioxidant activity also lightens existing melanin.
Niacinamide: Blocks transfer to cells on the surface of the epidermis, niacinamide regulates pigment distribution.
Glycolic acid: Exfoliates the surface of the epidermis, facilitating the penetration of other active ingredients. It also helps to reduce existing spots by encouraging the elimination of pigmented keratinocytes on the surface, and evens out skin tone. Due to its activity, tingling may be felt on application during the first few uses.
INGREDIENTS : AQUA (WATER), DICAPRYLYL CARBONATE, GLYCOLIC ACID, NIACINAMIDE, GLYCERYL STEARATE, PEG-100 STEARATE, TRIETHANOLAMINE, ASCORBYL GLUCOSIDE, METHYL METHACRYLATE CROSSPOLYMER, PENTYLENE GLYCOL, AMMONIUM ACRYLOYLDIMETHYLTAURATE/VP COPOLYMER, SCLEROTIUM GUM, CAPRYLYL GLYCOL, STEARALKONIUM HECTORITE, PROPYLENE CARBONATE, SODIUM HYDROXIDE, SODIUM HYALURONATE, SQUALANE, PARFUM (FRAGRANCE), BROMOPHENYL PROPENAMINOETHYL ISOQUINOLINESULFONAMIDE HCL, TOCOPHEROL, DISODIUM EDTA, POTASSIUM SORBATE